জৈব যৌগ নামকরণের প্রধানত তিনটি পদ্ধতি আছেঃ
সাধারণ সঙ্কেতঃCnH2n+2
এই পদ্ধতিতে কার্বন সংখ্যার গ্রিক নামের সাথে এন যোগ করলে এলকেনের নাম পাওয়া যায় ।
যদি এলকেনের সংখ্যা ৪ বা অধিক হয় সে ক্ষেত্রে এলকেনটি সরল শিকল হলে নামের পূর্বে ন লিখতে হয় ।
যদি শিকলের প্রান্তে থাকে তাহলে নামের পূর্বে আইসো কথাটা লিখতে হয় ।
যদি শিকলের প্রান্তে থাকে তাহলে নামের পূর্বে নিও কথাটা লিখতে হয় ।
- সাধারণ বা ট্রিভিওল পদ্ধতি
- জাত বা উদ্ভূত পদ্ধতি
- IUPAC বা জেনেভা পদ্ধতি বা আন্তর্জাতিক পদ্ধতি ।
- IUPAC= International Union of pure and applied chemistry.
- সাধারণত কার্বন সংখ্যার গ্রিক নামের উপর ভিত্তি করে জৈব যৌগের নামকরণ করা হয় , নিম্নে তা উল্লেখ্য করা হলঃ
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ১ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে মিথ (Meath)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ২ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে ইথ (Ethe)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৩ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে প্রপ (Prop)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৪ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে বিউট (Buit)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৫ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে পেন্ট (Pent)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৬ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে হেক্স (Hex)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৭ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে হেপ্ট (Hept)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৮ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে অক্ট (Oct)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ৯ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে নন (Non)
- কার্বন সংখ্যা ১০ হলে , গ্রিক নাম হবে ডেক (Dec)
সাধারণ সঙ্কেতঃCnH2n+2
এই পদ্ধতিতে কার্বন সংখ্যার গ্রিক নামের সাথে এন যোগ করলে এলকেনের নাম পাওয়া যায় ।
যদি এলকেনের সংখ্যা ৪ বা অধিক হয় সে ক্ষেত্রে এলকেনটি সরল শিকল হলে নামের পূর্বে ন লিখতে হয় ।
যদি শিকলের প্রান্তে থাকে তাহলে নামের পূর্বে আইসো কথাটা লিখতে হয় ।
যদি শিকলের প্রান্তে থাকে তাহলে নামের পূর্বে নিও কথাটা লিখতে হয় ।
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